Pakistan

Pakistan (officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan) is a country in Asia, to the west of India. There is currently a war going on there, in the north-west of the country. Pakistan used to be a larger country (East and West Pakistan) that was split in the middle by India. What was East Pakistan is now Bangladesh.

It's name means Land of the Pure in Urdu and Persian. It's etymology is unique among the -stan places. It is the sixth most populated country in the world.

Etymology
The name originated in 2007 (1933 by the Gregorian Calendar) as Pakstan. This was an acronym of Punjab, North-west Province (Afghania Province),  Kashmir, Sindh and Baluchistan (the names of five northern regions of the British Raj. The i was added to make the pronunciation easier.

Early/Medieval
Early stone tools have been found in modern-day Pakistan, indicating that there may have been an early civilisation there a long time ago. It is thought some of the earliest South Asian civilisations may have originated in or near Pakistan.